Spectrum of a real, even signal is

Spectrum of a real, even signal is



a. real and even
b. imaginary and even
c. real and odd
d. imaginary and odd


Answer: a

Which of the following are part of the DSP core:

Which of the following are part of the DSP core:



a. Central processing unit.
b. Multiplier, accumulator, and barrel shifter.
c. Registers.
d. All of the others.


Answer: d

FT{x(-n)} = _______.

FT{x(-n)} = _______.



a. X(-w).
b. X*(w).
c. X(1/w).
d. -w


Answer: a

The Fourier transform:

The Fourier transform:



a. converts from the frequency domain to the time domain.
b. converts from the time domain to the frequency domain.
c. converts from the phasor domain to the magnitude domain.
d. is directly computed from the Z-transform.


Answer: b

Windows are used in FIR filter designs to

Windows are used in FIR filter designs to



a. reduce the Gibbs' phenomenon.
b. convert low-pass to high-pass.
c. convert low-pass to band-pass.
d. all of the others.


Answer: a

FIR filters are generally used in applications where

FIR filters are generally used in applications where



a. there is a need for a linear-phase filter.
b. some phase distortion is tolerable.
c. there is a need for a linear-amplitude filter.


Answer: a

Random signals can be described by

Random signals can be described by



a. a table of data.
b. an explicit mathematical expression.
c. a well-defined rule.
d. none of the others.


Answer: d

The choice of a filter structure depends on

The choice of a filter structure depends on



a. software complexity.
b. hardware requirement.
c. finite word length effects.
d. all of the others.


Answer: d

Classify the following signal: weight and height measurements of a child taken every month:

Classify the following signal: weight and height measurements of a child taken every month:



a. Multi dimensional, single channel, continuous-time, analog.
b. One dimensional, single channel, continuous-time, analog.
c. One dimensional, multichannel, discrete-time, digital.
d. One dimensional, single channel, discrete-time, digital.


Answer: c

If FT{x(n)} = X(w), then FT{x(2n)} = ______.

If FT{x(n)} = X(w), then FT{x(2n)} = ______.



a. 1/2 *[X(w/2) + X((w-2pi)/2)]
b. 1/2 *[X(w/2) - X((w-2pi)/2)]
c. [X(w/2) + X((w-2pi)/2)]
d. X(w)


Answer: a

Discrete-time signals

Discrete-time signals



a. have discrete values.
b. have discrete period.
c. are defined only at certain specific values of time.


Answer: c

Spectrum analyzers display signals in the

Spectrum analyzers display signals in the



a. Phasor domain
b. Time domain
c. Frequency domain
d. Propogation delay domain


Answer: c

To filter long data sequences

To filter long data sequences



a. The input signal must be segmented to blocks prior to processing.
b. The DFT can be used.
c. The two methods overlap-save and overlap-add can be used.
d. All of the others.


Answer: d

What are the differences in channel allocation problem in FDMA/TDMA based system versus CDMA-based system?

What are the differences in channel allocation problem in FDMA/TDMA based system versus CDMA-based system?



a. In CDMA system, the number of possible codes indicate the number of users that can be supported so it can support more user
b. In CDMA system, the number of users are supported less than those in FDMA/TDMA
c. In FDMA/TDMA system, the number of frequencies and time slot is unlimited so it can support more users.
d. In FDMA/TDMA system, the number of frequencies and time slot is limited so it can support more users.


Answer: a

Radio signal travels from the BS to an MS along different paths-some direct, some reflected and some deflected. If the worst case difference in the path length traversed by a signal is 2 km, what is the minimum value of guard time that need to be used? Assume the signal propagation rate of 512 kbps.

Radio signal travels from the BS to an MS along different paths-some direct, some reflected and some deflected. If the worst case difference in the path length traversed by a signal is 2 km, what is the minimum value of guard time that need to be used? Assume the signal propagation rate of 512 kbps.



a. 1.415 bits
b. 2.415 bits
c. 3.415 bits
d. 4.415 bits


Answer: c

In ________, a station monitors the medium after it sends a frame to see if the transmission was successful. If so, the station is finished. If, however, there is a collision, the frame is sent again.

In ________, a station monitors the medium after it sends a frame to see if the transmission was successful. If so, the station is finished. If, however, there is a collision, the frame is sent again.



a. CSMA/CA
b. CSMA/CD
c. either (a) or (b)
d. both (a) and (b)


Answer: b

During a busy hour, the number of calls per hour for each of the 12 cells of a cellular cluster is 2220, 1900, 4000, 1100, 1000, 1200, 1800, 2100, 2000, 1580, 1800 and 900. Assume that 75% of the car phones in this cluster are used during this period and that one call is made per phone. Find the number of customers in the system.

During a busy hour, the number of calls per hour for each of the 12 cells of a cellular cluster is 2220, 1900, 4000, 1100, 1000, 1200, 1800, 2100, 2000, 1580, 1800 and 900. Assume that 75% of the car phones in this cluster are used during this period and that one call is made per phone. Find the number of customers in the system.



a. 15200
b. 16200
c. 17200
d. 18200


Answer: b

A TDMA-based system (a cluster size N=9), has a total bandwidth of 12.5 MHz and contains 20 control channels with equal channel spacing of 30 kHz. Calculate a number of traffic channels/cell

A TDMA-based system (a cluster size N=9), has a total bandwidth of 12.5 MHz and contains 20 control channels with equal channel spacing of 30 kHz. Calculate a number of traffic channels/cell




a. 44 traffic channels/cell
b. 46 traffic channels/cell
c. 416 traffic channels/cell
d. 461 traffic channels/cell


Answer: a

One newton meter is same as

One newton meter is same as



A. one watt
B. one joule
C. five joules
D. one joule second


Answer: B

1 angstrom is equal to

1 angstrom is equal to



A. 10-8 mm
(6) 10"6 cm
C. 10"10 m
D. 10~14 m


Answer: C

Conductance : mho ::

Conductance : mho ::



A. resistance : ohm
B. capacitance : henry
C. inductance : farad
D. lumen : steradian


Answer: A

Nichrome wire is an alloy of

Nichrome wire is an alloy of



A. lead and zinc
B. chromium and vanadium
C. nickel and chromium
D. copper and silver


Answer: C

A thermistor has

A thermistor has



A. positive temperature coefficient
B. negative temperature coefficient
C. zero temperature coefficient
D. variable temperature coefficient


Answer: C

Voltage dependent resistors are used

Voltage dependent resistors are used



A. for inductive circuits
(6) to supress surges
C. as heating elements
D. as current stabilizers


Answer: B

All good conductors have high

All good conductors have high



A. conductance
B. resistance
C. reluctance
D. thermal conductivity


Answer: A

Which of the following statement is correct?

Which of the following statement is correct?



A. A semi-conductor is a material whose conductivity is same as between that of a conductor and an insulator
B. A semi-conductor is a material which has conductivity having average value of conductivity of metal and insulator
C. A semi-conductor is one which con¬ducts only half of the applied voltage
D. A semi-conductor is a material made of alternate layers of conducting material and insulator


Answer: A

The condition for the validity under Ohm's law is that

The condition for the validity under Ohm's law is that



A. resistance must be uniform
B. current should be proportional to the size of the resistance
C. resistance must be wire wound type
D. temperature at positive end should be more than the temperature at negative end


Answer: A

When current flows through heater coil it glows but supply wiring does not glow because

When current flows through heater coil it glows but supply wiring does not glow because



A. current through supply line flows at slower speed
B. supply wiring is covered with insulation layer
C. resistance of heater coil is more than the supply wires
D. supply wires are made of superior material


Answer: C

Explain the V-I graph of a thermistor.

Explain the V-I graph of a thermistor.



A thermistor is a special type of resistor whose
resistance decreases as its temperature increases.

Therefore...

As the voltage increases = current increase = temperature increase = resistance decrease (only for thermistor)

Therefore, as the voltage increases on the x axis, the resistance decreases.

The gradient is the resistance. High gradient means there is less resistance.


Explain the V-I graph of a diode

Explain the V-I graph of a diode



Electricity can only pass one direction. The diode has a very big resistance in the reverse direction.

Therefore...

Diodes follows ohm's law when the current is travelling in the direction of the arrow. However, if the current is reversed the resistance of the diode is extremely high. Therefore no there is not current and voltage.

Draw the resistance - temperature graph of a thermistor


Explain the V-I graph of a filament lamp.

Explain the V-I graph of a filament lamp.



Answer: For the lamp to work the filament must heat up when an electric current passes through it, and then the filament with produce light as a result.

An increase in temperature ________ resistance. Explain way

An increase in temperature ________ resistance. Explain way



1.Increases

2.As the temperature of the material increases, the ions of the material vibrate more and this increases the number of collisions as electrons move through the wire. This increases the resistance.

An increase in current ________ resistance. Explain way.

An increase in current ________ resistance. Explain way.




1.increases

2. When the current through a wire increases, the number of collisions between the electrons and the ions increases because the flow of electron increases.

Describe Ohm's Law.

Describe Ohm's Law.



The voltage is proportional to the current passing through a resistor

Using electrons, explain resistance?

Using electrons, explain resistance?



Answer: When electrons move through the wire, some electrons collide with the ions of the material in the wire. It is these collisions that cause electrical resistance. With each collision, some energy is lost to the wire as heat.

Two copper conductors have equal length. The cross-sectional area of one conductor is four times that of the other. If the conductor having smaller cross-sectional area has a resistance of 40 ohms the resistance of other conductor will be

Two copper conductors have equal length. The cross-sectional area of one conductor is four times that of the other. If the conductor having smaller cross-sectional area has a resistance of 40 ohms the resistance of other conductor will be



A. 160 ohms
B. 80 ohms
C. 20 ohms
D. 10 ohms


Answer: D

Ohm's law is not applicable to

Ohm's law is not applicable to



A. semi-conductors
B. D.C. circuits
C. small resistors
D. high currents


Answer: A

A field of force can exist only between

A field of force can exist only between



A. two molecules
B. two ions
C. two atoms
D. two metal particles


Answer: B

In the case of direct current

In the case of direct current



A. magnitude and direction of current remains constant
B. magnitude and direction of current changes with time
C. magnitude of current changes with time
D. magnitude of current remains constant


Answer: A

It becomes more difficult to remove

It becomes more difficult to remove



A. any electron from the orbit
(6) first electron from the orbit
C. second electron from the orbit
D. third electron from the orbit


Answer: D